Chapter 7, The Mauryan Empire

Exercise

Lion Capital Sarnath

A Define.

1. Indica: An Account Written by Megasthenes is Known as Indica.
2. Dhamma: Dhamma is a Prakrit term for the Sanskrit word Dhamma. It means religious duty. Ashoka made great efforts to propagate the principles of Dhamma.
3. Rock Edicts: Ashoka issued many edicts that were engraved on rocks. pillars and cave walls so that people could read them easily. These edicts proclaimed his ideas on various matters such as religion, good governance, and correct conduct towards one another.
4. Nagarkas: Mauryan rulers were good administrators. There were several officers who looked after the administration in the districts. Towns were under officials called Nagarkas.
Ashoka

B. Write a short answer to the following questions.

Q.1. What are the sources of the Mauryan Empire?
Ans. The main sources of the Mauryan Empire are Indic and Arthashasta which were written by Megasthenes and Kautilya respectively. The Rock Edicts of Ashoka and Coins of the Mauryan period are also the Sources of the Mauryan Empire.

Q.2. How did Chandragupta become the ruler of Magadha? 
Ans. Chandragupta became the ruler of Magadha with the help of his wise chief advisor and future prime minister Kautilya ( Chanakya). He raised a small army and entered the capital of the Magadha Kingdom, Patliputra where he triggered a civil war and became the ruler o Maghda.

Q.3. What was the effect of the Kalinga war on Ashoka's life?
Ans. Kalinga war was perhaps the most important event of Ashoka's life. His heart was moved when he saw the misery of people. Ashoka decided that he would not fight war anymore and will persuade people to live in peace. He then became a follower of Buddhism.

Q.4. Write two of Ashoka's we are measures.
Ans. a. Ashoka built roads and dug many wells.
         b. He built rest houses for travelers.
Barabar Cave

C. Answer the following questions in detail.

Q.1. what was the role of Bindusara in the expansion of the Mauryan Empire?
Ans. Bindusara was an efficient ruler. He extended the Mauryan Empire as far south as Mysore. He rules over almost the whole of India. But the region of Kalinga (Odisha). and the kingdom of the extreme south was not part of his empire. So, he maintained good relations with Greek and Rulers of Syria and Egypt.

Q.2. What did Ashoka do to spread Buddhism?
Ans. Ashoka Announced punishments for those causing a rift in Buddhism and made periodical tours to important Buddhist holy places. He sent missionaries not only in India but to foreign countries. He also ended the rift in Buddhism.



Q.3. Describe the administration of the Mauryas. 

Ans Mauryan rulers were good administrators. They took several steps for the welfare of their subjects. The king was the head of the government. He ruled from the capital city of Patliputra. The empire was divided into four big provinces. The provinces were further divided into districts ruled by Pradeshikas. The panchayats commanded over the village administration. Each village had its own groups of officers. They were also responsible for collecting taxes.

Q.4. What were the main reasons for the downfall of the Mauryan Empire?
Ans. The main reasons for the downfall of the Mauryan empire were:-
a. The successors of Ashoka were weak.
b. The governors of various provinces took advantage of the weakness of Ashoka's successors and declared their independence.
c. The various regions of the empire were cut off from one another by great distances.
d. The later Muryan kings could not collect enough taxes to maintain large army.

D. Fill in the blanks.

 1. Chandragupta was the first ruler of the Mauryan Empire.
 2. Chandragupta invaded Magadha with the help of Chanakya.
 3.  The Mauryan Dynasty was the first great empire in India.
 4. Megasthenes was a Greek ambassador.
 5.  Ashoka got his messages inscribed on Pillars.

E. Writer 'T' for true and 'F for false statements. 

1. Seleucus gave his daughter in marriage to Chandragupta.                                   
Ans. (T)

2. Indica was written by Seleucus.                     Ans. (F)

3. Bindusara was the father of Kautilya.         Ans. (F)

4. Ashoka made great efforts to propagate the principles of Dhamma.                     
Ans. (T)

5.The Mauryan Empire began to break up after the death of Ashoka.                       
Ans. (T)

F. Match the column.

Ans. 1 (iii).     2. (iv).    3. (v).    4. (i).   5. (ii)

G. MCQS.


Ans. 1. (a).  2. (c).   3. (a).    4. (b).   5. (d)

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