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Chapter 7, The Mauryan Empire

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Exercise Lion Capital Sarnath A Define. 1. Indica: An Account Written by Megasthenes is Known as Indica. 2. Dhamma: Dhamma is a Prakrit term for the Sanskrit word Dhamma. It means religious duty. Ashoka made great efforts to propagate the principles of Dhamma. 3. Rock Edicts: Ashoka issued many edicts that were engraved on rocks. pillars and cave walls so that people could read them easily. These edicts proclaimed his ideas on various matters such as religion, good governance, and correct conduct towards one another. 4. Nagarkas: Mauryan rulers were good administrators. There were several officers who looked after the administration in the districts. Towns were under officials called Nagarkas. Ashoka B. Write a short answer to the following questions. Q.1. What are the sources of the Mauryan Empire? Ans. The main sources of the Mauryan Empire are Indic and Arthashasta which were written by Megasthenes and Kautilya respectively. The Rock Edicts of Ash...
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Chapter 6, Upanishads, Jainism and Buddhism

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SOLVED NCERT TEXTBOOK QUESTIONS  A. Answer the following questions briefly . Q.1. What was the aim of thinkers in society? Ans. The thinkers wanted to understand the ongoing changes in society and to try to find out the true meaning of life. Q.2. What did the Buddha do after his enlightenment? Ans. The Buddha went to Sarnath and taught for the first time. He spent the rest of his life traveling and teaching people. Buddha Q.3. What was the 'karma' according to the Buddha?  Ans. 'Karma' refers to our actions - good or bad. Q.4. How did the Buddha connect to everyone in society?  Ans. The Buddha used Prakrit so that everyone could understand his teachings. Q.5. What sort of people became Upanishadic thinkers?  Ans. The Upanishadic thinkers consisted of men, especially "brahmins' and 'rajas'. There were exceptions, however. Q.6. What did Mahavira do to attain enlightenment?  Ans. Mahavira left home at the age of thirty then h...
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Chapter -5 Janapadas, Mahajanapadas and the Early Republics

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 A. Define . 1. Kingdom. -A country, state or territory ruled by a king or queen is known as Kingdom. 2. Nishka :- The silver coins of Magadhan cmpire is known as Nishka. 3. Shrenis - Artisans and merchants began to form organized groups as their trade expanded These groups were known as shrenis or guilds. 4. Untouchable :- Basket makers were regarded as untouchables. It consisted of people who were looked down upon by upper castes just because they were performing lowly, but essential jobs B. Write short answer for the following questions. Q.1.What were janpadas? Ans. 1 . Janapadas were the small kingdoms. These were the major realms republics or kingdoms of Vedic India. Q.2. What was Ashvamedha sacrifice? Ans. 2 . Ashwamedha sacrifice is an concoct Indian ritual In this ritval, a horse was left loose to wonder freely It wandered into the kingdoms of other kings and if they stopped it, they had to fight. If they allowed the horse to pass, it meant t...
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Chapter 4, The Vedic Culture

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A. Define .  1. Upanishad  - It contains the vocal of great saints. 2. Indo-Aryans - The rave of Aryan people who come and settle in India 3. Aryavartas - It was the landmass between the Himalayas and the Vindhyas and from the westem sea to the east. 4. Kshatriyas - Kshatriyas were the powerful group of kings and worriers in the carly vadic society B. Write short answer for the following questions. Q.1. Who were Dasyus? How were they treated by the Aryans? Ans. Dasyus were the natives of India before the arrival of the Aryans The Aryans called them Dasas'and were very hostile to them. Q.2. What was the role of sabha and Smiti? Ans. Sabha and Samiti were the two institutions. They check the powers of the king. Q.3. What type of dresses were worn by the Aryans? Ans. The dresses worn by the aryans were almost similar to the Harappans. Their dresses consisted of two clothes They covered their heads with turban and another garment that touched t...
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Chapter 3, Harappan Civilisation

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A. Define. 1. Barter System - It is a system of exchange where goods or services are directly exchanged for other goods or services without using a medium of exchange such as money.  2. Great Bath - It is the most remarkable discovery at Mohenjodaro. It was quite big and rectangular in shape. The Great Bath was meant for ritual bathing Terracotta figurines found at Harappa 3. Terracotta - Termracotta is a clay - like carthenware cenamic that can be either glazed or unglazed It is used for water and sewage pipes, bricks and sculptures. 4. Pictograph - A pictograph is way of showing data using images. It uses pictures or symbols to show the value of the data. B. Write short answer for the following questions. Q.1. How did the barter system begin? Ans. The thriving agricultural economy supported a harming trade both within the northern and western area, of the sub continent and between the people of Indus valley and those of the Persian and Gulf and M...
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Chapter 2 Early Humans

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Development of Early humans A. Define. 1. Flint: Early man used Flint for making tools. 2. Microliths: Microliths is a small stone tool usually made of Flint. 3. New Stone Age: It was a period in which there was a development of human technology. 4. Chalcolithic Age: The period when metal was used along stone is called chalcolithic age. B. Write Short answer for the following questions. Q1. Where did Early humans live? What did they wear? Ans. Early humans lived in caves. They wear clothes made up from animals skin, leaves and grasses etc. Q2. How do we know that early humans were skilful artists? Ans: The early humans were skilful artists. We knew that from the painting, they made in the caves. They made painting of running animals dead once with the arrow struck in and bird. By painting hunting scenes they expressed their feelings. They used brown, red and white colours sometimes even yellow and green. They were natural colours found in trees, stones, ...
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Chapter 1 History and it's sources

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Manuscripts  A. Define . 1. History: History is a systematic record of the past events. It is the story of the people who lived in past. 2. Archaeological sources: Archeological sources are monuments, coins, sculptures, paintings, weapons, pottery, ornaments, and all other objects or artefacts which were created in the past. 3. Secular Literature: Texts that focused on subject's of social, Political and economic importance and had link with religion, are called secular Literature. 4. Inscriptions: The inscriptions were written in different languages at different places. They are writings found engraved on stone tablet's, pillars, metal plates, wall of caves etc. B. Write short answer for the following questions . Q1. What are the sources of Indian history? Ans: Literacy and archaeological are the sources of Indian history. Q2. Where was Rice grown first in India? Ans: Rice was first grown in the north of the Vindhyas. YouTube Q3. How did In...
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